As gardeners, we’re often on the lookout for ways to attract beneficial insects to our gardens, but there’s one pest that we’d rather not invite: the Spotted Lanternfly. This invasive insect has been wreaking havoc on gardens and ecosystems across North America, particularly in the northeastern United States. First identified in Pennsylvania in 2014, it has since spread to several other states, threatening agriculture, forestry, and even our beloved backyard gardens. In this article, we’ll explore the plants that attract Spotted Lanternflies, discuss practical strategies for managing their presence, and provide tips on how to protect your garden from these unwanted visitors.
Understanding the Spotted Lanternfly
The Spotted Lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula, is a planthopper native to Asia but has become a significant invasive species in North America. It feeds on a wide range of plants, causing damage by sucking sap from leaves and stems, which can weaken plants and make them more susceptible to disease and other pests. The insect’s life cycle includes four nymph stages and an adult stage, with each stage requiring a host plant for feeding and development.
Preferred Host Plants
Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
The most preferred host plant for Spotted Lanternflies is the Tree of Heaven, an invasive deciduous tree itself. This tree is often found in urban and disturbed areas, reproducing quickly through seeds and root suckers. While Spotted Lanternflies can complete their life cycle without Tree of Heaven, they strongly prefer it for feeding and reproduction124.
Grapes and Fruit Trees
Grapes, both wild and cultivated, are another favorite of Spotted Lanternflies. They feed on the sap of grapevines, which can impact vine health and productivity. Other fruit trees like apple, cherry, peach, and plum are also targeted, though the insects typically avoid the fruit itself247.
Nut Trees and Shade Trees
Black walnut, butternut, and other related nut trees are common hosts. Maple trees, including red, sugar, and Norway maple, are also frequently targeted, posing a threat to the maple syrup industry24. Other shade trees like birch, willow, poplar, and sycamore are also hosts25.
Ornamental Plants
Spotted Lanternflies have been observed on roses, lilacs, and blueberries, especially during the nymph stages when they prefer softer tissues12. They may also visit peony, cucumber, and basil plants for short periods1.
Managing Spotted Lanternflies in Your Garden
While it’s not necessary to remove all plants that attract Spotted Lanternflies, there are practical steps you can take to manage their presence:
Remove Invasive Plants: If possible, remove Tree of Heaven and other invasive plants like Chinese sumac and oriental bittersweet from your garden. These plants not only attract Spotted Lanternflies but also outcompete native species1.
Monitor Your Plants: Regularly inspect your plants for signs of Spotted Lanternflies, such as egg masses on tree trunks or honeydew droplets on leaves. Early detection is key to preventing infestations24.
Use Insecticides Judiciously: In severe cases, insecticides may be necessary. However, always follow local guidelines and use environmentally friendly options to minimize harm to beneficial insects4.
Report Infestations: If you find Spotted Lanternflies outside of known infestation areas, report them to your local agricultural department. This helps track the spread and inform management strategies7.
Prevent Spread: Be mindful of transporting items that might carry Spotted Lanternfly eggs, such as firewood or outdoor furniture. Check your vehicles and gear for egg masses before traveling7.
Conclusion
While Spotted Lanternflies are a significant challenge for gardeners, understanding their host plants and taking proactive steps can help mitigate their impact. By being vigilant and working together, we can protect our gardens and ecosystems from this invasive pest. Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or just starting out, staying informed and involved is crucial in the fight against the Spotted Lanternfly. So, keep an eye out for these unwanted visitors, and let’s work together to preserve the beauty and health of our gardens.
