The money tree bonsai, scientifically known as Pachira aquatica, is a popular and beloved plant not only for its attractive appearance but also for the symbolic meaning of good fortune and prosperity it represents in many cultures. Taking proper care of a money tree bonsai, especially in terms of watering, is crucial for its health and longevity. Incorrect watering can lead to a host of problems, from root rot to dehydration, which can ultimately kill the plant. This article will provide a detailed and comprehensive guide on how to water money tree bonsai, covering all aspects from understanding the plant’s water needs to the practical steps and frequency of watering.
Understanding the Natural Habitat of the Money Tree
To better understand the watering requirements of a money tree bonsai, it’s essential to know its natural habitat. In the wild, the money tree is native to the wetlands and swamps of Central and South America. These areas are characterized by high humidity and fluctuating water levels. The plant has adapted to periods of heavy rainfall followed by relatively dry spells. This natural adaptation means that the money tree has a certain tolerance for both waterlogged and drier conditions, but it also has specific needs that must be met when grown as a bonsai in a pot.
Factors Affecting Watering Requirements
The size and type of the pot significantly impact how often you need to water your money tree bonsai. A smaller pot will dry out more quickly because there is less soil to hold moisture. On the other hand, a larger pot can retain water for a longer time. Terracotta pots are porous, allowing air to circulate through the walls and water to evaporate more rapidly. This means that plants in terracotta pots may need to be watered more frequently compared to those in non – porous plastic or glazed ceramic pots.
Soil Composition
The soil mix used for money tree bonsai also plays a vital role in watering. A well – drained soil mix is essential. A typical bonsai soil mix for money trees often consists of a combination of peat moss, perlite, and bark. Peat moss helps retain some moisture, while perlite and bark improve drainage. If the soil is too dense and doesn’t drain well, water can accumulate around the roots, leading to root rot. In contrast, if the soil drains too quickly, the plant may not have enough time to absorb the necessary moisture.
Light and Temperature
Light and temperature are closely related to the plant’s water needs. Money tree bonsai thrive in bright, indirect light. When exposed to more light, the plant transpires more, which means it loses water through its leaves at a faster rate. Higher temperatures also increase the rate of transpiration. In a warm, sunny room, the money tree may need to be watered more often than in a cooler, shadier environment. For example, during the summer months or in a greenhouse with high – intensity lighting, the plant will require more frequent watering compared to the winter when the light is weaker and the temperature is lower.
Humidity Levels
As a plant native to humid regions, the money tree bonsai appreciates higher humidity. In low – humidity environments, such as heated or air – conditioned rooms, the plant may lose water more rapidly through its leaves. This can increase its watering needs. High humidity, on the other hand, can reduce the rate of water loss from the plant, allowing you to water less frequently. You can increase humidity around the bonsai by using a humidity tray filled with water and pebbles, or by misting the plant regularly.
Signs of Over – watering and Under – watering
Over – watering
Over – watering is a common mistake when caring for money tree bonsai. Signs of over – watering include yellowing leaves, especially starting from the lower leaves. The leaves may also become soft and mushy. The soil will feel constantly wet, and there may be a foul smell coming from the pot, indicating root rot. In severe cases, the roots may appear black and slimy. If you notice these signs, it’s crucial to take immediate action to save the plant, such as reducing watering frequency and improving soil drainage.
Under – watering
Under – watering can also cause problems for money tree bonsai. Symptoms of under – watering include wilting leaves, which may turn brown and crispy at the edges. The soil will be dry to the touch, and the plant may seem limp and lackluster. If left unaddressed, under – watering can lead to stunted growth and eventually the death of the plant. Regularly checking the soil moisture and observing the plant’s appearance can help you catch under – watering early.
How to Water a Money Tree Bonsai
Use room – temperature water for watering your money tree bonsai. Cold water can shock the roots, while hot water can damage them. Tap water is usually acceptable, but if it has a high chlorine or fluoride content, it’s best to let it sit out overnight to allow these chemicals to dissipate. Rainwater or distilled water can also be used, especially if your tap water is of poor quality.
Watering Techniques
1. Soak and Drain Method:
This is a recommended watering technique for money tree bonsai. Place the pot in a container filled with water, allowing the water to soak up from the bottom through the drainage holes. Let the plant soak for about 15 – 20 minutes or until the topsoil feels moist. Then, remove the pot from the water and let it drain thoroughly. This method ensures that the entire root ball is evenly hydrated.
2. Top – Watering:
When top – watering, use a watering can with a narrow spout. Slowly pour water around the edge of the pot, evenly distributing it over the soil surface. Continue watering until water starts to drain out of the bottom of the pot. This ensures that the water reaches the roots at the bottom of the pot. Avoid watering too quickly, as this can cause the water to run off the soil surface without being absorbed.
Watering Frequency
Determining the exact watering frequency for a money tree bonsai can be challenging as it depends on many factors. However, as a general rule of thumb, during the growing season (spring and summer), when the plant is actively growing, you may need to water it once or twice a week. In the dormant season (fall and winter), the plant’s growth slows down, and you can reduce watering to once every two to three weeks. Always check the soil moisture before watering. Stick your finger about an inch or two into the soil. If it feels dry at that depth, it’s time to water.
Special Considerations for Different Seasons
Spring
As the weather warms up in spring, the money tree bonsai starts to emerge from its dormant state and enter a period of active growth. During this time, increase the watering frequency slightly. Monitor the soil moisture closely, as the warmer temperatures and longer days can cause the soil to dry out more quickly. You may also want to start fertilizing the plant gently to support its new growth, but be careful not to over – fertilize, as this can damage the roots.
Summer
Summer is usually the peak growing season for money tree bonsai. With higher temperatures and increased sunlight, the plant’s water needs are at their highest. Water the bonsai as needed, usually once or twice a week, depending on the environmental conditions. Keep an eye on the humidity levels, and if it’s particularly dry, consider misting the plant or using a humidity – increasing device. Also, make sure the plant is not exposed to direct sunlight for too long, as this can cause leaf burn and increase water loss.
Fall
As fall approaches, the days start to shorten, and the temperature begins to drop. The money tree bonsai’s growth rate slows down. Reduce the watering frequency gradually. Start checking the soil moisture less often, as the soil will take longer to dry out. This is also a good time to stop fertilizing the plant, as it prepares for its dormant period.
Winter
During winter, the money tree bonsai enters a dormant phase. Watering should be reduced significantly. Only water when the soil is completely dry, which may be once every two to three weeks. Avoid over – watering during this time, as the plant’s metabolism is slow, and it can’t process excess water as efficiently. Keep the bonsai in a relatively cool but not cold location, away from drafts and heaters.
Troubleshooting Water – related Issues
Root Rot
If you suspect root rot due to over – watering, carefully remove the bonsai from its pot. Gently wash the roots to remove the affected soil. Trim away any black, mushy roots using sterilized pruning shears. Repot the plant in a fresh, well – drained soil mix and reduce watering. Make sure the pot has proper drainage holes.
Dehydration
If the money tree bonsai is dehydrated due to under – watering, soak the pot in a container of water for a longer period, about 30 minutes to an hour. After soaking, let the excess water drain. You may also want to mist the leaves to help the plant recover from water loss. Increase the watering frequency slightly, but be careful not to over – compensate.
Conclusion
Watering a money tree bonsai is a delicate balance that requires attention to detail and an understanding of the plant’s needs. By considering factors such as pot size, soil composition, light, temperature, and humidity, you can determine the appropriate watering frequency and technique. Regularly observing the plant for signs of over – watering or under – watering and taking prompt action when necessary will help keep your money tree bonsai healthy and thriving. With proper care, your money tree bonsai can bring beauty and the promise of good fortune to your living or working space for many years to come.
