A recent study led by Virginia Tech researchers suggests a novel approach to detecting changes in ecosystems due to invasive non-native plants: monitoring the soundscape. Instead of focusing solely on individual species, scientists propose examining the composite of all acoustic elements within an ecosystem.
Conducted by Grace O’Malley and Gabrielle Ripa, Ph.D. candidates in biological and plant sciences respectively, the study sheds light on the often overlooked role of soundscapes in understanding ecosystem dynamics.
“Soundscapes, which encompass all acoustic patterns of a landscape, are underappreciated in ecological research,” the researchers noted. “Changes to soundscapes, including those caused by invasive species, could have significant implications for ecosystems.”
Utilizing small recording devices, the team placed them across 66 locations near Virginia Tech’s campus to capture environmental sounds. By comparing areas affected by invasive plants with restored native habitats, they aimed to assess the impact of invasive species on soundscapes.
Preliminary findings from a brief two-week pilot study were promising. “We observed differences between habitats overrun by invasive plants and those restored to native conditions,” O’Malley remarked. “The invasive plants appear to be altering the soundscape.”
The study areas, including Jefferson National Forest and local parks undergoing restoration efforts, highlight the broader implications of this research beyond ecological acoustics.
“This study prompts further investigation into how invasive species affect soundscapes and ecosystems,” Ripa emphasized. “We offer insights into potential mechanisms underlying these impacts.”
The idea of studying invasive species through their acoustic impact was initially proposed by Jacob Barney, a professor of invasive plant ecology, and Meryl Mims, an associate professor specializing in acoustic studies. Their collaboration, which integrates art and multimedia, aims to engage a broader audience in understanding ecosystem dynamics.
Funded by a grant from the Global Change Center, the research continues to evolve, offering new insights into an unexplored area of study.
“This research opens doors to understanding the subtle yet profound changes invasive species bring to ecosystems,” Ripa concluded. “By listening to the soundscape, we gain a unique perspective on ecosystem dynamics.”