Study Evaluates Gamma Radiation-Induced Mutants for Nematode Control in Tomatoes.
A recent study explores the effectiveness of Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., and their gamma radiation-induced mutants as biological control agents against Meloidogyne javanica (Mj) in tomato plants. The research includes in vitro tests, greenhouse experiments, and molecular identification techniques to assess the biocontrol potential of these agents comprehensively.
In vitro tests show significant nematicidal activity. Bacillus spp. is particularly effective, inhibiting nematode egg hatching by 16–45% and causing 30–46% mortality in second-stage juveniles (J2).
Greenhouse trials validate the effectiveness of mutant isolates, especially when combined with chitosan. This combination reduces nematode-induced damage to tomato plants and decreases the reproduction factor (RF) of root-knot nematodes by 94%. Adjustments in soil infection conditions and application methods further reduce the RF of nematodes by 65–76%.
Molecular identification identifies B. velezensis and T. harzianum as promising candidates, showing notable nematicidal activity.
Overall, the study highlights the potential of using combined biocontrol strategies for nematode management in agriculture. However, additional research is needed to explore practical applications and long-term effectiveness. These findings suggest sustainable alternatives to chemical nematicides, with potential benefits for agricultural practices and crop protection.
Rostami, M., Shahbazi, S., Soleimani, R. et al. Optimizing sustainable control of Meloidogyne javanica in tomato plants through gamma radiation-induced mutants of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus velezensis.