In the process of plant growth, insect infestation is a threat that cannot be ignored. They feed on plants, destroy plant tissue, spread disease, and even cause plant death in severe cases. Therefore, how to effectively kill insects on plants and protect the healthy growth of plants is a problem that every horticultural enthusiast and agricultural producer must face. This article will introduce in detail how to effectively kill insects on plants from four aspects: physical methods, biological control, chemical pesticides and integrated control strategies.
Physical Method: Direct Intervention, Quick Effect
1. Manually clear it
For a small number of easily identified pests, such as aphids, red spiders, etc., you can use manual removal methods. Using tweezers, cotton swabs and other tools, carefully remove or crush the bugs from the plant. Although this method is time-consuming and laborious, it does not cause additional damage to the plants and the environment.
2. Take advantage of pests’ habits
Some pests have specific habits, such as phototaxis, hygrotaxis and so on. These habits can be used to lure pests by changing environmental conditions. For example, using black lights at night to trap and kill pests; Or take advantage of pests’ preference for wet environments by placing wet trap boards around plants to attract pests and trap them.
3. Hot water
For pests in the soil, such as nematodes and grubs, you can try using hot water watering methods. Pouring hot water (about 50 ° C) around the roots of plants can effectively kill pests and eggs in the soil. However, it should be noted that hot water watering may cause some damage to the roots of the plant, so caution is needed when using it.
Biological Control: Use Natural Enemies And Ecological Control
1. Introduction of natural enemies
Biological control is an environmentally friendly and effective method of pest control. By introducing natural enemies of the pest, such as ladybugs, hoverflies, parasitic wasps, etc., the population of the pest can be effectively controlled. These natural enemies will prey on or live in the body of pests, so as to achieve the purpose of killing pests.
2. Use microbes
Some microorganisms have insecticidal or bacteriostatic effects, such as bacteria, fungi and actinomyces. These microorganisms can be cultured by fermentation and then sprayed on plants to kill pests or suppress diseases. This method has the advantages of environmental protection and no residue, but it needs to pay attention to the preservation and use conditions of microorganisms.
3. Plant attractors
Some plants have attractant effects on specific pests. By planting these attractors in a field or garden, pests can be attracted and concentrated together, and then measures can be taken to centrally kill them. This method can not only reduce the damage of pests to major crops, but also reduce the cost of control.
Chemical Pesticides: Fast Killing, But Need To Be Used Carefully
1. Selection of pesticides
Chemical pesticides are a quick and effective way to kill pests. When choosing pesticides, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the types of pests, the degree of harm and the growth period of crops. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the toxicity of pesticides, residual period and environmental impact and other factors.
2. Spraying of pesticides
The spraying of pesticides requires mastering certain skills. First of all, it is necessary to determine the occurrence period and harm location of the pest in order to target the spraying of pesticides. Secondly, it is necessary to master the dilution ratio and spraying amount of pesticides to ensure that pesticides can be evenly covered on the surface of the plant. Finally, it is also necessary to pay attention to the spraying time and weather conditions, and avoid spraying pesticides in high temperatures, strong winds or rainy days, so as not to affect the control effect.
3. Rotation of pesticide use
In order to prevent pests from developing resistance to pesticides, different types of pesticides need to be rotated. By using pesticides with different action mechanisms alternately, the generation of resistance to pests can be effectively delayed and the control effect can be improved.
Comprehensive Prevention And Control Strategy: Multi-Pronged, Comprehensive Treatment
1. Strengthen field management
Field management is one of the important measures to prevent insect pests. By strengthening field management, such as rational fertilization, irrigation, pruning, etc., the insect resistance of plants can be improved and the breeding and reproduction of pests can be reduced. At the same time, the ecological environment of pests can be changed and the harm degree can be reduced by means of crop rotation and intercropping.
2. Use of physical and biological control
On the basis of chemical pesticides, it can be combined with physical and biological control methods for comprehensive control. For example, yellow boards can be used to trap and kill pests; Or use natural enemies and microorganisms for biological control. These measures can not only reduce the use of chemical pesticides, but also improve the control effect and reduce the cost of control.
3. Establish a monitoring and early warning system
The establishment of monitoring and early warning system is one of the important measures to prevent insect pests. By regularly monitoring the occurrence and harm degree of pests in the field, problems can be found in time and measures can be taken to prevent and control them. At the same time, the migration rule and occurrence trend of pests can be understood through the monitoring and early warning system, which provides the basis for the formulation of scientific control strategies.
Conclusion
Killing insects on plants is a complex and difficult task. By adopting physical methods, biological control, chemical pesticides and integrated control strategies, the number and harm degree of pests can be effectively controlled. However, it should be noted that different prevention and control methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and scope of application, and need to be selected and combined according to the actual situation. In the future, with the progress of science and technology and the improvement of people’s awareness of environmental protection, there will be more new prevention and control means and methods applied in agricultural production, providing a more powerful guarantee for the healthy growth of plants. At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen scientific research investment and technological innovation, and constantly promote the development and progress in the field of plant protection.
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