In the busy urban life, having a green space of their own is a life state that many people yearn for. Bonsai, as an art form that condenses the natural landscape into a square inch, is the perfect way to achieve this desire. It can not only beautify the home environment, improve the quality of life, but also allow people to enjoy a moment of peace and nature in the busy. This article will introduce in detail how to make bonsai at home, from material selection, design, maintenance to creative layout, all-round guide you to create a vibrant and harmonious home small garden.
The Basic Knowledge Of Bonsai Production
1. Definition and classification of bonsai
Bonsai, also known as pot, pot play, is based on plants and rocks as the basic materials, in the basin of the expression of natural landscape art. It originated in China and then spread to Japan and other parts of the world, becoming an important part of Oriental garden art. Bonsai according to different materials, it is mainly divided into three categories: tree bonsai, landscape bonsai and flower bonsai.
Tree bonsai: With trees as the main material, through pruning, binding and other techniques, simulate the form of natural trees, show its vigorous and simple beauty.
Landscape bonsai: with rocks as the main body, with plants, water features, etc., to simulate the natural landscape, creating a “shrinking dragon into an inch” artistic conception.
Bonsai flowers and plants: herbs, flowers as the main materials, through the clever combination and arrangement, to show the colorful, vibrant world of flowers and plants.
2. Basic tools and materials for bonsai production
Basic tools: scissors, pruning scissors, saw, wire, aluminum wire, pliers, watering can, brush, etc.
Basin selection: According to the type of bonsai to choose the right basin, such as tree bonsai commonly used purple sand basin, ceramic basin, landscape bonsai is more use of rectangular or circular shallow basin. The color, shape and texture of the pot should be in harmony with the theme of bonsai.
Soil preparation: bonsai soil requires loose, breathable, water and fertilizer preservation. According to the plant species and bonsai needs, we can prepare the mixed soil of rotting leaf soil, garden soil, river sand and so on.
3. Bonsai layout and composition principles
Primary and secondary: there should be a clear body and foil in bonsai, the main plant should be prominent, and the foil plant plays a role in setting off.
Dense: The plant layout should be dense and dense, avoid being too crowded or empty, in order to create a natural and harmonious visual effect.
Distinct layers: through pruning, binding and other means, the bonsai presents a three-dimensional effect of distance, height and hierarchy.
Blank treatment: Appropriate blank in bonsai can guide the viewer’s line of sight and increase the beauty of the artistic conception of bonsai.
Family Bonsai DIY Steps Detailed Explanation
1. Making bonsai trees
Selection and pruning
Selection of materials: Choose healthy, vigorous growth of seedlings as bonsai materials. Beginners can start with easy to maintain tree species, such as small leaf FIG, podocarpus pine, Jinzhiyu leaf, etc.
Pruning: According to the design requirements of bonsai, the seedlings are pruned. Remove diseased branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, etc., retain the trunk and main branches to form a basic tree shape.
Lashing and styling
Binding: Use wire or aluminum wire to bind the branches so that they grow in the design direction. Tighten properly to avoid damage to the bark.
Modeling: Pruning and modeling the trees according to the style and theme of the bonsai. Such as imitating the bending and tilting of natural trees, or creating bonsai works with a unique style.
Upper basin and maintenance
Top pot: Plant the pruned seedlings in the prepared pot, fill with the prepared soil, and gently compact. Take care to keep the root system stretched to avoid damage.
Maintenance: Place in a place with good ventilation and proper lighting for maintenance. Water, fertilize and prune regularly to keep bonsai clean and beautiful.
2. Landscape bonsai production
Material selection and layout
Material selection: Choose hard texture, clear texture of rock as bonsai material. Commonly used rocks are Taihu stone, Lingbi stone, quartz stone and so on.
Layout: According to the theme and composition principles of bonsai, the layout of the rocks. Pay attention to the height of the rocks scattered, dense and alternating, as well as the coordination with water features, plants.
Production and decoration
Production: The use of cement, gypsum and other materials to fix the rock in the basin, forming a stable rock landscape. Take care to maintain the natural form and texture of the rocks.
Decoration: Embellish plants, Bridges, pavilions and other small pieces among the rocks to increase the interest and artistic conception of bonsai. Plants can be selected from mosses, ferns, small shrubs, etc.
Conservation and management
Watering: Keep the soil in the pot moist, but avoid standing water. Water can be sprayed regularly to rocks and plants to increase air humidity.
Fertilization: According to plant growth, timely fertilization. Choice of decomposed organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer.
Cleaning: Regularly clean the fallen leaves and debris in the bonsai to keep the bonsai clean and beautiful.
3. Plants and bonsai production
Material selection and combination
Selection: Choose flowers and herbs with rich colors and different shapes as bonsai materials. Such as chrysanthemum, rose, spider plants, succulents and so on.
Combination: According to the design requirements of bonsai, the flowers and herbs are cleverly combined. Pay attention to color matching, shape contrast and clear hierarchy.
Basin and arrangement
On the pot: put the selected plant into the pot and fill it with the prepared soil. Take care to keep the roots of the plant stretched to avoid damage.
Layout: Arrange the plants according to the theme and composition principles of bonsai. You can use small stones, shells, ornaments, etc., to decorate the basin surface, increase the interest and beauty of bonsai.
Maintenance and pruning
Maintenance: Place in a place with proper lighting and good ventilation for maintenance. Water, fertilize, and prune plants regularly according to their growth habits.
Pruning: Regularly pruning the dead and yellow leaves of plants, long branches, etc., to keep bonsai clean and beautiful. At the same time, the growth form and height of the plant can be controlled by pruning.
The Creative Arrangement Of Bonsai And Home Matching
1. Creative arrangement of bonsai
Theme creation: According to the materials and style of bonsai, create works with unique themes. For example, landscape bonsai with “landscape feelings” as the theme, and flowers and plants with “four seasons change” as the theme.
Combined layout: multiple bonsai are combined to form a more large-scale and layered landscape. For example, combine a number of small trees bonsai into a “forest path” landscape, or combine a number of flowers and bonsai into a “flower sea world” landscape.
Scene simulation: Using bonsai to simulate natural scenes or historical allusions. Such as the simulation of the “small bridge water family” of the Jiangnan water village landscape, or the simulation of the “ancient road west wind thin horse” of the desolate scene.
2. Bonsai and home matching skills
Style coordination: Choose the suitable bonsai style according to the decoration style of the home. Such as Chinese-style home can choose with Chinese classical charm bonsai works; Modern simple style of home can choose simple lines, bright colors of bonsai works.
Space utilization: According to the space size and layout characteristics of the home, reasonable placement of bonsai. For example, a large bonsai can be placed in the corner of the living room as a focal point; Small bonsai can be placed next to the table to increase the atmosphere; The windowsill or balcony can be placed succulent plants and other easy to maintain bonsai works.
Color matching: Choose the appropriate bonsai color according to the color matching of the home. If the home color is dark, you can choose colorful bonsai flowers and plants to add highlights; When the home color is bright, you can choose a light color, beautiful shape of bonsai trees or landscape bonsai as an ornament.
Common Problems And Solutions For Bonsai Maintenance
1. Problems caused by improper watering
Problem manifestations: Excessive watering can cause water accumulation in bonsai soil, causing root rot; Too little water can cause plants to dry out.
The solution: Water the plants according to their growth habits and seasonal changes. Generally follow the principle of “see dry see wet”, that is, water when the soil surface is dry, and water should be poured thoroughly but avoid water accumulation.
2. Problems caused by improper fertilization
Problems: Excessive fertilization will lead to salinity accumulation in bonsai soil and burn roots; Too little fertilizer can lead to plant malnutrition.
Solution: Apply fertilizer reasonably according to the growth needs of plants and seasonal changes. Generally, mature organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer is selected for application, and attention is paid to controlling the amount and frequency of fertilizer application.
3. Pest control
Problem manifestation: The common diseases and pests in bonsai are aphids, red spiders, powdery mildew, etc. These diseases and pests will harm the leaves, branches and roots of plants, affecting the growth and beauty of bonsai.
Solution: Check the growth status of bonsai regularly, and take timely measures to prevent and control diseases and pests. It can be treated by spraying with pesticides or using biological control methods. At the same time, pay attention to maintaining the ventilation and lighting conditions of bonsai to reduce the incidence of diseases and pests.
4. Problems caused by improper pruning
Problem performance: Improper pruning can cause bonsai to lose its natural form or grow out of balance. If excessive pruning can damage the growing point of the plant; Inadequate pruning can lead to barren or cluttered plants.
Solution: Reasonable pruning according to the design requirements of bonsai and the growth habits of plants. When pruning, follow the principle of “keep strong to weak”, keep healthy branches and leaves; At the same time, pay attention to the timing and method of pruning to avoid unnecessary damage to the plants.
Conclusion
Bonsai, as an art form that concentrates the natural landscape in the square inch, can not only beautify the home environment, improve the quality of life, but also allow people to enjoy a moment of peace and nature after busy. Through the introduction of this article, I believe you have mastered the basic knowledge and skills of family bonsai DIY. Try your hand at creating a small home garden full of vitality and harmony for yourself! In the process of making and maintaining bonsai, you will find more mysteries about nature and life, and you will gain more fun and a sense of accomplishment. May your bonsai road go wider and wider, let the green and beautiful accompany you every day!
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