Maine residents making or purchasing local wreaths this season should be cautious of using plants with bright red berries, particularly Asiatic bittersweet. Classified as a severely invasive species in the state, this vine can spread rapidly through holiday decorations, threatening local ecosystems.
While the plant’s striking appearance may make it appealing for wreaths, it can quickly take over yards and strangle trees, causing significant harm. The vines are also illegal to sell or bring into Maine.
In addition to Asiatic bittersweet, other invasive plants like multiflora rose may also be used in holiday decorations. This plant forms dense thickets that crowd out native species and disrupt local habitats.
More than 30 invasive species face restrictions in Maine to prevent their spread. These plants often outcompete native species, reducing food and habitat for wildlife and pollinators. Asiatic bittersweet, for example, alters soil composition, hosts plant diseases, and can serve as a breeding ground for ticks. Its rapid growth can quickly overtake yards or roadsides.
A particular concern with using Asiatic bittersweet in decorations is its berries, which birds may consume and spread through their droppings, helping the plant establish new areas. If wreaths are discarded or composted, this can further contribute to the spread of the invasive species.
Originally introduced to the U.S. over a century ago as an ornamental plant, Asiatic bittersweet is now widespread in Maine. Once established, it is difficult to remove, with experts recommending cutting it back six times a year and applying herbicide to prevent regrowth.
For safer alternatives, consider using native plants like winterberry, northern bayberry, or American mountain ash for colorful berries, and red dogwood for vibrant twigs. While snowberry might also be an option, it is not native to the region.
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