BioDesign Research released a perspective article titled “Toward Synthetic Genomics in Plants,” shedding light on the burgeoning field of plant synthetic genomics. The study delves into the intricate task of assembling and engineering large genomes in the context of the intricate regulatory mechanisms present in multicellular eukaryotes, marked by transposons and complex epigenetic regulations.
Taking a groundbreaking step, the article proposes a novel bottom-up approach to genome synthesis in multicellular plants, using the model moss Physcomitrium patens as a starting point. This moss’s unique characteristics, including its proficiency in homologous recombination, DNA delivery, and regeneration, set the stage for future refinements in more complex seed plants.
The article addresses various technical challenges inherent in plant synthetic genomics, spanning genome assembly, plant transformation, and DNA synthesis intricacies. Drawing inspiration from successful bottom-up approaches in viral, bacterial, and yeast genome engineering, the study explores the potential application of these techniques to more complex organisms, specifically in the realm of plant genomics.
While acknowledging the prevalent top-down approach in plant synthetic genomics, the article emphasizes recent breakthroughs and existing limitations that must be overcome for broader application. Notably, it underscores the significance of conquering obstacles related to chromosome assembly, functional centromere establishment, efficient transformation, and regeneration in seed plants.
Ending on an optimistic note, the article suggests that plants, with their distinct characteristics and ethical considerations, are poised to lead the way in genome synthesis among multicellular organisms. The knowledge gleaned from model organisms like Physcomitrium patens is deemed invaluable in extending these techniques to more complex seed plants, including important crops.
In summary, this article marks a significant milestone in synthetic biology, unlocking new possibilities for biotechnological advancements and a deeper comprehension of plant genomics, ultimately paving the way for transformative breakthroughs in the field.